{"id":3794,"date":"2018-06-28T10:27:45","date_gmt":"2018-06-28T08:27:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/?p=3794"},"modified":"2026-04-16T14:00:18","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T12:00:18","slug":"nudity-in-gargoyles-gargoyle-iconography-and-images","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/nudity-in-gargoyles-gargoyle-iconography-and-images\/","title":{"rendered":"Gargoyles and the Representation of Nudity"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><\/h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Today's post is about the portrayal of nakedness in <a href=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/the-gargoyles\/\">gargoyles<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nudity and the Body in Medieval Culture<\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In his book on the history of the body in the Middle Ages, the great French Medievalist Jacques Le Goff (1924-2014) tells us that the Roman Empire already exercised containment in terms of the body and sexuality, in what has been called paganism. When Christianity became the state religion, the body was repressed. The Middle Ages was an era characterised by the renunciation of the body, with the clergy suppressing bodily practices and Church Elders implementing ascetic monasticism combined with the mortification of the body (hair shirt, sleeping on the ground, flagellation, control over movement) together with imposed voluntary suffering such as fasting and abstinence. It\u2019s worth remembering that in the Middle Ages, Adam and Eve's sin became a sin of the body, a sexual sin. As a result, the body was the great loser in the original sin.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">However, Le Goff says that on the whole, people were not against nakedness and that only the Church rejected it. But, in spite of this, St Francis of Assisi stripped naked twice, once in front of his father, his bishop and his community to show his conversion and renouncement, and a second time in the church to preach. As the saint said, \u201cfollow the naked Christ naked\u201d. In fact, by the 13th century most theologians began seeing the body in a more positive light (St. Buenaventura, St. Thomas).<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The consequence of renouncing the body was that nakedness became regarded as being humiliating and degrading, a sign of having been expelled from the community and the domain of devils, pagans and heretics, \u201ca stain from the pagan gods that must be wiped from Christian consciousness\u201d, as Luther Link says. This author states that nakedness in the human figure and in the <a href=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/the-devil-and-his-portrayal-in-gargoyles-i\/\">devil <\/a>comes from classic Antiquity. The ecclesiastical hierarchy saw pagan gods as devils, who almost always showed themselves naked, which was why they had to be portrayed in this way. According to Claudio Lange, figures that show their sex are not Christian sinners, although they may be marginal Christians.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In this research, Le Goff says that eroticism emerges in the margins of manuscripts, in <a href=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/symbolism-in-images-of-gargoyles\/\"><em>dr\u00f4leries<\/em><\/a>, where we see the body shown in forms never depicted anywhere else. The margins, he says, are spaces for pleasure, entertainment, ornament and, especially, uncensored spaces where scandalous or lewd topics can flourish. Le Goff tells us that \"the body is unleashed in the margins\".<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nakedness appears in all manifestations of marginal art: gargoyles, <em>dr\u00f4leries<\/em>, corbels, etc.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Thus, the body is unleashed in gargoyles.<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><\/h2>\r\n<h2>Nudity in Gargoyles<\/h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 50%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-3794 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-full'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Monasterio-de-Batalha.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Monasterio-de-Batalha.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Gargoyle on the Monastery of Batalha (Portugal). A naked woman with clasped hands.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Monasterio-de-Batalha.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Monasterio-de-Batalha-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11312'>\n\t\t\t\tBatalha Monastery (Portugal)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iglesia-de-St-1.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iglesia-de-St-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Gargoyle on the Church of St. Vincent (Carcassonne, France). A naked man.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11310\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iglesia-de-St-1.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iglesia-de-St-1-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11310'>\n\t\t\t\tChurch of St. Vincent in Carcassonne (France)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iglesia-de-Nossa-Senhora-do-Populo-Coto-e-Sao-Gregorio-Caldas-da-Rainha-Portugal-1.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iglesia-de-Nossa-Senhora-do-Populo-Coto-e-Sao-Gregorio-Caldas-da-Rainha-Portugal-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Gargoyle on the Church of Nossa Senhora do P\u00f3pulo, Coto e S\u00e3o Greg\u00f3rio (Caldas da Rainha, Portugal). A half-naked man.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11308\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iglesia-de-Nossa-Senhora-do-Populo-Coto-e-Sao-Gregorio-Caldas-da-Rainha-Portugal-1.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iglesia-de-Nossa-Senhora-do-Populo-Coto-e-Sao-Gregorio-Caldas-da-Rainha-Portugal-1-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11308'>\n\t\t\t\tChurch of Nossa Senhora do P\u00f3pulo, Coto e S\u00e3o Greg\u00f3rio in Caldas da Rainha (Portugal)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Parroquia-San-Pedro-Gata.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"525\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Parroquia-San-Pedro-Gata.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Gargoyle on the Parish Church of San Pedro in Gata (C\u00e1ceres). A naked man.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11306\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Parroquia-San-Pedro-Gata.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Parroquia-San-Pedro-Gata-480x296.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11306'>\n\t\t\t\tParish Church of San Pedro in Gata (C\u00e1ceres, Spain)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Monasterio-Batalha-Portugal-2.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Monasterio-Batalha-Portugal-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Gargoyle on the Monastery of Batalha (Portugal). A naked man.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11302\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Monasterio-Batalha-Portugal-2.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Monasterio-Batalha-Portugal-2-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11302'>\n\t\t\t\tBatalha Monastery (Portugal)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Iglesia-Nuestra-Senora-de-la-Soterrana-Santa-Maria-la-Real-de-Nieva.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Iglesia-Nuestra-Senora-de-la-Soterrana-Santa-Maria-la-Real-de-Nieva.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Gargoyle on the Church of Nuestra Se\u00f1ora de la Soterra\u00f1a in Santa Mar\u00eda la Real de Nieva (Segovia). A naked man.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Iglesia-Nuestra-Senora-de-la-Soterrana-Santa-Maria-la-Real-de-Nieva.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Iglesia-Nuestra-Senora-de-la-Soterrana-Santa-Maria-la-Real-de-Nieva-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11300'>\n\t\t\t\tChurch of Nuestra Se\u00f1ora de la Soterra\u00f1a in Santa Mar\u00eda la Real de Nieva (Segovia, Spain)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-del-Ayuntamiento-de-Bruselas-Belgica.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-del-Ayuntamiento-de-Bruselas-Belgica.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Gargoyle on the Town Hall of Brussels (Belgium). A naked man.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11298\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-del-Ayuntamiento-de-Bruselas-Belgica.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-del-Ayuntamiento-de-Bruselas-Belgica-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11298'>\n\t\t\t\t Brussels City Hall (Belgium)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Catedral-Maria-Inmaculada-Vitoria.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"479\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Catedral-Maria-Inmaculada-Vitoria.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Gargoyle on the Cathedral of Mar\u00eda Inmaculada of Vitoria. A naked man: a slave.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11296\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Catedral-Maria-Inmaculada-Vitoria.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Catedral-Maria-Inmaculada-Vitoria-480x270.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11296'>\n\t\t\t\tCathedral of Mar\u00eda Inmaculada in Vitoria (Spain)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Ayuntamiento-Bruselas-Belgica.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Ayuntamiento-Bruselas-Belgica.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Gargoyle on the Town Hall of Brussels (Belgium). A naked man.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11292\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Ayuntamiento-Bruselas-Belgica.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Ayuntamiento-Bruselas-Belgica-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11292'>\n\t\t\t\tBrussels City Hall (Belgium)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Colegiata-de-Santa-Maria-del-Campo-Coruna.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Colegiata-de-Santa-Maria-del-Campo-Coruna.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Gargoyle on the Collegiate Church of Santa Mar\u00eda del Campo (Coru\u00f1a). A naked man.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Colegiata-de-Santa-Maria-del-Campo-Coruna.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Colegiata-de-Santa-Maria-del-Campo-Coruna-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11290'>\n\t\t\t\tCollegiate Church of Santa Mar\u00eda del Campo in Coru\u00f1a (Spain)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Catedral-de-Palma-de-Mallorca-11.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Catedral-de-Palma-de-Mallorca-11.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Doccione gargoyle on the Cathedral of Palma de Mallorca. A naked man.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Catedral-de-Palma-de-Mallorca-11.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Catedral-de-Palma-de-Mallorca-11-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11288'>\n\t\t\t\tPalma de Mallorca Cathedral (Spain)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Ayuntamiento-Bruselas-Belgica-2.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Ayuntamiento-Bruselas-Belgica-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Gargoyle on the Town Hall of Brussels (Belgium). A naked man.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11294\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Ayuntamiento-Bruselas-Belgica-2.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Ayuntamiento-Bruselas-Belgica-2-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11294'>\n\t\t\t\tBrussels City Hall (Belgium)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Catedral-de-Oviedo-4.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Catedral-de-Oviedo-4.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Gargoyle on the Cathedral of Oviedo. A naked man.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Catedral-de-Oviedo-4.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Catedral-de-Oviedo-4-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11286'>\n\t\t\t\tOviedo Cathedral (Spain)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Catedral-de-Aquisgran-Alemania-5.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Catedral-de-Aquisgran-Alemania-5.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Gargoyle on the Cathedral of Aachen (Germany). A naked man.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Catedral-de-Aquisgran-Alemania-5.jpg 850w, https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Catedral-de-Aquisgran-Alemania-5-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 850px, 100vw\" title=\"\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11284'>\n\t\t\t\tAachen Cathedral (Germany)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11304 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gargola-Monasterio-Batalha-Portugal-4.jpg\" alt=\"gargulas\" width=\"400\" height=\"533\" title=\"\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Batalha Monastery (Portugal)<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<em>This entry was originally published in June 2018 and updated in January 2026.<\/em>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2>Bibliography<\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">LANGE, C., \u201cLa clave anti-isl\u00e1mica. Ideas sobre marginaci\u00f3n ic\u00f3nica y sem\u00e1ntica\u201d, <em>Relegados al margen. Marginalidad y espacios marginales en la cultura medieval <\/em>(2009), pp. 115-127.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">LE GOFF, J. y TRUONG, N., <em>Una historia del cuerpo en la Edad Media<\/em>, Barcelona, Ediciones Paid\u00f3s Ib\u00e9rica, S. A., 2005.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">LINK, L., <em>El Diablo. Una m\u00e1scara sin rostro<\/em>, Madrid, Editorial S\u00edntesis, S. A., 2002.<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11314,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[479,476],"tags":[857,2773,2465,187,72,2522,2774,2776,2775,901,2772],"class_list":["post-3794","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gargoyles-of-human-figures","category-the-language-of-gargoyles","tag-architectural-sculpture","tag-body-in-the-middle-ages","tag-escultura-arquitectonica","tag-gargolas-en","tag-gargoyles-en","tag-iconografia-medieval","tag-marginal-art","tag-marginality","tag-medieval-culture","tag-medieval-iconography","tag-nudity"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3794","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3794"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3794\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20711,"href":"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3794\/revisions\/20711"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11314"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3794"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3794"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doloresherrero.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3794"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}